Journal: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine

Article Title: TGF-β 2 is specifically expressed in human dermal papilla cells and modulates hair folliculogenesis

doi: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2009.00739.x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Influences of keratinocyte conditioned media (KCM) components and other factors on human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs) in vitro . (A) Cytokine expression in human KCM. Each panel shows expression of each indicated cytokine released by hDPCs cultured in serum-free DMEM (SF-DMEM), DMEM with 10% foetal bovine serum (10% DMEM), and KCM harvested 1 or 2 weeks after the medium switch (KCM-1w or KCM-2w). (B) TGF-β 2 mRNA expression of hDPCs 48 hrs after supplementation of each factor. The data are shown as fold change compared to control media (10% DMEM). (C) TGF-β 2 protein in hDPCs 48 hrs after supplementation of each factor. The data are shown as fold change compared to control media (10% DMEM). n = 3. (D) Alkaline phosphatase activity of cultured hDPCs 48 hrs after supplementation of each factor. The data are shown in 10 −14 g/cell equivalent. n = 3. (E) Relative cell number of hDPCs measured by the MTT assay. The data are shown as fold change compared to control media (10% DMEM). n = 3. Supplements and concentrations used in (B), (C), (D) and (E) were as follows: acidic FGF (aFGF, 100 ng/ml), basic FGF (bFGF, 100 ng/ml). BMP-2 (100 ng/ml), IL-1β (100 ng/ml), IL-6 (100 ng/ml), IL-8 (100 ng/ml), vascular endothelial growth factor (100 ng/ml), PDGF-BB (100 ng/ml), nerve growth factor (100 ng/ml), heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (100 ng/ml), MIP-3α (100 ng/ml), MCP-1 (100 ng/ml), IGF-1 (100 ng/ml), ENA-78 (100 ng/ml), GRO-α (100 ng/ml), 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 (VD, 100 nM), ascorbic acid (VC, 100 μM), cholesterol sulphate (CS, 100 μM), all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA, 10 nM), 17β-estradiol (10 nM) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT, 10 nM).

Article Snippet: Reagents supplemented to hDPC culture were as follows: acidic FGF (Peprotech, Rocky Hill, NJ, USA); basic FGF (Peprotech); BMP-2 (Wako, Osaka, Japan); interleukin (IL)-1β (Endogen, Rockford, IL, USA); IL-6 (Peprotech); IL-8 (Wako); vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (Wako); platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB (Wako); nerve growth factor (Sigma-Aldrich, Louis, MO, USA); heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (Peprotech); macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-3α (R&D systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA); monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 (R&D systems); insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 (Sigma-Aldrich); epithelial cell-derived neutrophil-activating peptide (ENA)-78 (Wako); growth-related oncogene (GRO)-α (Wako); 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 [1,25(OH) 2 D 3 ] (LKT laboratories, St. Paul, MN, USA); cholesterol sulphate (Sigma-Aldrich); all-trans retinoic acid (Biomol, Hamburg, Germany); 17β-estradiol (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI, USA) and dihydrotestosterone (Biomol).

Techniques: In Vitro, Expressing, Cell Culture, Control, Activity Assay, MTT Assay, Binding Assay

Journal: Molecular Oncology

Article Title: Fibroblast growth factor signals regulate transforming growth factor‐β‐induced endothelial‐to‐myofibroblast transition of tumor endothelial cells via Elk1

doi: 10.1002/1878-0261.12504

Figure Lengend Snippet: Regulation of FGF signals by TGF ‐β2 in TEC s. (A, B) Effect of TGF ‐β2 on the expression of FGF 2 in TEC s. TEC s were cultured in the absence (−) or presence (+) of TGF ‐β2 for 72 h, followed by qRT ‐ PCR (A) and immunoblot (B) analyses for the expression of FGF 2. rFGF2, recombinant FGF2. (C) Effect of TGF ‐β2 on the ERK 1/2 phosphorylation in TEC s. TEC s were cultured in the absence (−) or presence (+) of TGF ‐β2 for 72 h, followed by immunoblot analysis using phospho‐(P)‐ ERK 1/2, and total ERK 1/2 antibodies. (D, E) Effect of endogenous FGF 2 on α‐ SMA expression and the ERK 1/2 phosphorylation in TEC s. TEC s were cultured with TGF ‐β2 in combination with control‐IgG or anti‐ FGF 2 antibodies for 72 h, followed by qRT ‐ PCR analysis for α‐ SMA expression (D) and immunoblot analysis using phospho‐(P)‐ ERK 1/2, and total ERK 1/2 antibodies (E). Error bars represent standard deviation. Student's t ‐test with two biological independent replicates was used to determine statistical significance; * P < 0.05.

Article Snippet: Human TGF‐β2 (302‐B2‐010; R&D systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA: 1 ng·mL −1 ), human FGF2 (233‐FB‐010; R&D systems: 50 ng·mL −1 or Peprotech; Rocky Hill, NJ, USA), Infigratinib (I‐1500; LC Laboratories, Woburn, MA, USA: 3 μ m ), VEGF‐A (30 ng·mL −1 ; R&D), and SB431542 (10 μ m ; Wako, Saitama, Japan) were used in each experiment.

Techniques: Expressing, Cell Culture, Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot, Recombinant, Phospho-proteomics, Control, Standard Deviation